フクロナシツリミミズ

　ツリミミズ科 ＞ ヒメツリミミズ属 Bimastos ＞ フクロナシツリミミズ Bimastos parvus (Eisen, 1874)

Allolobophora parva Beddard, 1891: 271, 1895: 705; Rosa, 1893a: 2; Michaelsen, 1922: 11; Stephenson, 1923: 506; Heitor, 1969: 76; Easton, 1983: 475; Blakemore, 2003: 9; Paliwal & Julka, 2004: 1972; Dhiman & Battish, 2006: 2135.

Helodrilus parvus Michaelsen, 1900: 502, 1908: 248, 1913f: 552; Cognetti, 1901c: 2, 1905a: 61, 1905b: 118, 1908b: 924; Stephenson, 1914a: 363, 1916: 352, 1917: 414, 1920: 260, 1922b: 442; Parshad, 1916: 497; Smith, 1917: 173; Olson, 1940: 6.

Bimastus parvus Stephenson, 1931b: 201; Chen, 1931: 118, 1933: 222, 1946: 136; Michaelsen, 1931a: 1; Pickford, 1932: 288; Černosvitov, 1937a: 111; 小林, 1938e: 779, 1940a: 121, 1941a: 52, 1941c: 264, 1941d: 376, 1941g: 515; Kobayashi, 1940b: 297, 1941b: 155; Gates, 1942a: 103, 1956b: 6, 1958a: 4, 1962j: 221, 1967c: 155; 大淵・山口, 1947: 1355, 1965: 548; Yamaguchi, 1953: 310; Righi, 1968: 379; Hong, 2000: 6; Brown & James, 2006: 147; Mischis & Herrera, 2006: 287; Huang et al., 2006: 18; Kathireswari et al., 2008: 123; Hong & Kim, 2009: 137; Tsai et al., 2009: 37; Chang et al., 2009: 20; Blakemore, 2013: 39.

Bimastos parvus Easton, 1942: 247; Sims, 1978: 671; Easton, 1981: 41; Righi, 1984b: 119; Kasprzak, 1989: 39; Schwert, 1990: 353; 中村, 1991: 14, 2015: 1901; Shih et al., 1999: 438; Blakemore, 2008d: 26, 2010b: 203, 2012b: 17; Reynolds, 2010c: 126, 2011a: 252, 2015a: 119, 2015v: 119; Christoffersen, 2011: 149; Szederjesi  et al., 2013b: 202; Mohan et al., 2013: 36; 上平, 2017b: 69, 2018a: 32.

Helodrilus beddardi Michaelsen, 1900a: 502; Smith, 1917: 173, 1927: 358.

Bimastus beddardi Cognetti, 1913: 6; Michaelsen, 1931a: 1; Kobayashi, 1941b: 156; 小林, 1941c: 264, 1941g: 515; Lindroth, 1957: 123; Huang et al., 2006: 18.

Bimastos beddardi Easton, 1942: 247; Gates, 1942a: 103; Schwert, 1990: 353; Hong, 2000: 4; Reynolds, 2011a: 247.

Helodrilus longicinctus Smith & Gittins, 1915: 548; Smith, 1915, 1917: 174, 1927: 358.

　　Bimastos longicinctus Easton, 1942: 247; Schwert, 1990: 353; Reynolds, 2011a: 250.

Bimastos heimburgeri Easton, 1942: 247; Easton, 1983: 478; Schwert, 1990: 353; Reynolds, 2010c: 124, 2011a: 249.

＜外部形態＞

　全長 17-85 mm (17-85 [Chang et al., 2009]、29-72 [Kobayashi, 1940b]、30-45 [Chen, 1933; 大淵・山口, 1965]、40 [Yamaguchi, 1953]、43 [Chen, 1931]、45-54 [Parshad, 1916]、82 [Mohan et al., 2013])、体幅 1.0-3.0 mm (1.0-2.0 [Chen, 1933; 大淵・山口, 1965]、1.0-2.25 [Parshad, 1916]、1.0-2.7 [Kobayashi, 1940b]、1.5 [Chen, 1931]、1.8-3.0 [Chang et al., 2009]、2 [Yamaguchi, 1953])、体節数 85-125 (85-124 [Chang et al., 2009]、86-116 で平均 90 [Parshad, 1916]、91-125 [Kobayashi, 1940b]、100-106 [Chen, 1933; 大淵・山口, 1965]、106 [Chen, 1931]、107-112 [Yamaguchi, 1953])。第一背孔は第 5/6 体節間溝にあるが (Parshad, 1916; Chen, 1931; 大淵・山口, 1965)、第 4/5 体節間溝にも目立たないものの開口する (Chen, 1931)。もしくは、第一背孔は第 4/5 または 5/6 体節間溝 (Chang et al., 2009)。

　体色は赤色 (Kobayashi, 1940b) または淡赤褐色 (大淵・山口, 1965)、褐桃色 (Yamaguchi, 1953) で、環帯は灰色もしくはピンク色 (Kobayashi, 1940b)、淡紅乳色 (大淵・山口, 1965)。

　環帯は鞍型で、第 22-31 体節間にある (第 24-30 体節で 7 体節分 [Cognetti, 1908b; Parshad, 1916; Chen, 1931; Kobayashi, 1940b; Mohan et al., 2013]、第 22-31 体節で 9 体節分 [Yamaguchi, 1953]、第 25-28、29 体節 [Chen, 1931]、第 23-30 体節、第 23-31 体節 [Kobayashi, 1940b]、第 23, 24, 25, 26-30, 31, 32, 33 体節 [Chang et al., 2009]、第 24-30、31 体節 [大淵・山口, 1965]) を占める。

　口前葉は上口前葉 (Yamaguchi, 1953)。雌性孔は第 14 体節に開口し、b-setal 線に近接する。雄性孔は第 15 体節の b 剛毛線の側方に開口し、明らかな腺質隆起の上にある (大淵・山口, 1965)。性的乳頭が第 25、26、29、30 体節に存在する (Parshad, 1916)。雌性孔は第 14 体節の b 剛毛線に接して開口する (大淵・山口, 1965)。

＜内部形態＞

　心臓は第 8-10 体節にある (Yamaguchi, 1953)。

　石灰腺は第 11-12 体節および第 13 体節の前半部にある (Yamaguchi, 1953)。砂嚢は第 16-17 体節にある (Yamaguchi, 1953)。

　精巣は第 10-11 体節に1対ずつ (Yamaguchi, 1953)。貯精嚢は葡萄腺状で (大淵・山口, 1965)、 2 対で第 10-11 体節 (大淵・山口, 1965)、もしくは第 11-12 体節 (Kobayashi, 1940b; Yamaguchi, 1953) にある。卵巣は第 13 体節に1対 (Yamaguchi, 1953)。受精囊を欠く (Kobayashi, 1940b; Yamaguchi, 1953)。

　水辺に近い土の中、または朽ちた草などの下で発見される (大淵・山口, 1965)。湿った朽木や切り株、苔の中から採集された (Smith, 1917)。

　北米原産であり、イスラエルではガーデンセンターなどを経由して分布を拡大している (Szederjesi et al., 2013b)。

　大淵・山口 (1947) は和名をフクロナシミミズとし、大淵・山口 (1965) はフクロナシツリミミズとした。中村(1972) も後者を用いている。しかし、中村 (2003、2015) は和名をキタフクロナシツリミミズとし、フクロナシツリミミズは Dendrodrilus tenuis の和名とした。この変更の理由は明記されておらず不明である。なお、中村 (1998) は Bimastos tenuis の和名をキタフクロナシツリミミズとしている。このため、中村 (2003、2015) は誤記だと考えられる。なお、中村 (2003) は Bimastos 属には日本には本種一種のみとしたものの属和名をヒメツリミミズ属としており、どの和名を使うべきなのかが不明である (南谷, 私見)。

　かつて、beddardi は 1) 環帯は第 24-31 体節の 8 体節分を占めること (parvus は第 24-30 体節の 7 体節分)、2) beddardi の体長はやや長いものの体節数が少ないこと、3) 剛毛対はより近接すること、4) 体前部の体節は parvus に比べて短いこと、の 4 点が異なることから別種として認識されていた。ただし、Kobayashi (1940b) は体長は有効な識別形式ではないことを示している。

Allolobophora parva Beddard, 1891: 271.

Allolobophora parva Rosa, 1893a: 2.

Allolobophora parva Beddard, 1895: 705.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) beddardi Michaelsen, 1900a: 502.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Michaelsen, 1900: 502.

Helodrilus (B.) parvus Cognetti, 1901c: 2.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Cognetti, 1902a: 10. [記述のみ] (Apr 8, 1902)

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Cognetti, 1905a: 61.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Cognetti, 1905b: 118.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Michaelsen, 1908: 248.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Cognetti, 1908b: 924. [特徴指摘] (May 24, 1908)

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Michaelsen, 1913f: 552.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) beddardi Cognetti, 1913: 6. [記述のみ] (Sep 25, 1913)

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Stephenson, 1914a: 363.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) longicinctus Smith & Gittins, 1915: 548.

Helodrilus longicinctus Smith, 1915: 557.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Stephenson, 1916: 352.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Parshad, 1916: 497. [形態記載]

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Stephenson, 1917: 414.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Smith, 1917: 173.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) beddardi Smith, 1917: 173.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) longicinctus Smith, 1917: 174.

Helodrilus parvus Stephenson, 1920: 260.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Stephenson, 1922b: 442.

Allolobophora (Bimastus) parva Michaelsen, 1922: 11.

Allolobophora (Bimastus) parva Stephenson, 1923: 506.

Helodrilus beddardi Smith, 1927: 358.

Helodrilus longicinctus Smith, 1927: 358.

Bimastus parvus Stephenson, 1931b: 201.

Bimastus parvus Chen, 1931: 169. [形態記載]

Bimastus parvus Michaelsen, 1931a: 1. [記述のみ]

Bimastus beddardi Michaelsen, 1931a: 1. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus Pickford, 1932: 288.

Bimastus parvus Chen, 1933: 222. [形態記載]

Bimastus parvus Černosvitov, 1937a: 111.

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1938e: 779. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1940a: 121. [記述のみ]

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Olson, 1940: 6.

Bimastus parvus Kobayashi, 1940b: 297. [形態記載]

Bimastus beddardi Kobayashi, 1940b: 298. [形態記載]

Bimastus parvus Kobayashi, 1941b: 155. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1941a: 52. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1941c: 264. [記述のみ]

Bimastus beddardi 小林, 1941c: 264. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1941d: 376. [記述のみ]

Bimastus beddardi 小林, 1941g: 515. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus 小林, 1941g: 515. [記述のみ]

Bimastus beddardi Kobayashi, 1941b: 156. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Easton, 1942: 247. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos beddardi Easton, 1942: 247. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos heimburgeri Easton, 1942: 247. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos longicinctus Easton, 1942: 248. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos beddardi Gates, 1942a: 103.

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1942a: 103.

Bimastus parvus Chen, 1946: 136. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus 大淵・山口, 1947: 1355 フクロナシミミズ. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastus parvus Yamaguchi, 1953: 310. [形態記載]

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1956b: 6 (syn. beddardi).

Bimastus (Helodrilus) beddardi Lindroth, 1957: 123. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1958a: 4.

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1962j: 221.

Bimastus parvus 大淵・山口, 1965: 548 フクロナシツリミミズ. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1967c: 155.

Bimastus parvus Righi, 1968: 379.

Allolobophora parva Heitor, 1969: 76. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Sims, 1978: 671.

Bimastos parvus Easton, 1981: 41 (syn. beddardi). [同定形質のみ] (Apr 30, 1981)

Allolobophora parva Easton, 1983: 475 (syn. beddardi, parva udei syn. nov., constricta geminata). [記述のみ]

Bimastos heimbergeri Easton, 1983: 478.

Bimastos parvus Righi, 1984b: 119. [記述のみ] (??, 1984)

Bimastos parvus Kasprzak, 1989: 39. [記述のみ]

Bimastos longicinctus Schwert, 1990: 353. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos parvus Schwert, 1990: 353. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos beddardi Schwert, 1990: 353. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos heimburgeri Schwert, 1990: 353. [同定形質のみ]

Bimastos parvus 中村, 1991: 14 キタフクロナシツリミミズ. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Shih et al., 1999: 438. [記述のみ]

Bimastos beddardi Hong, 2000: 4.

Bimastos parva Hong, 2000: 6.

Allolobophora parva Blakemore, 2003: 9 (syn. beddardi, parva udei, constricta var. germinate). [記述のみ]

Allolobophora parva Paliwal & Julka, 2004.

Bimastos parvus Brown & James, 2006: 147.

Bimastos parvus Mischis & Herrera, 2006: 287.

Allolobophora parva Dhiman & Battish, 2006: 2135.

Bimastus beddardi Huang et al., 2006: 18. [記述のみ]

Bimastus parvus Huang et al., 2006: 18. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Kathireswari et al., 2008: 123.

Bimastos parvus Blakemore, 2008d: 26 (syn. beddardi, parva udei, constricta var. germinata). [記述のみ] (Dec ?, 2008)

Bimastos parvus Hong & Kim, 2009: 137.

Bimastos parvus Tsai et al., 2009: 37.

Bimastos parvus Chang et al., 2009: 20. [形態記載] (2009)

Bimastos heimburgeri Reynolds, 2010c: 124. [記述のみ] (Nov, 2010)

Bimastos parvus Reynolds, 2010c: 126. [記述のみ] (Nov, 2010)

Bimastos parvus Blakemore, 2010b: 203. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Christoffersen, 2011: 149 (syn. parva udei, constricta geminata [parts], beddardi, longicinctus).

Bimastos beddardi Reynolds, 2011a: 247. [記述のみ] (Apr, 2011)

Bimastos heimburgeri Reynolds, 2011a: 249. [記述のみ] (Apr, 2011)

Bimastos longicinctus Reynolds, 2011a: 250. [記述のみ] (Apr, 2011)

Bimastos parvus Reynolds, 2011a: 252. [記述のみ] (Apr, 2011)

Bimastos parvus Blakemore, 2012b: 17. [記述のみ] (Feb 28, 2012)

Bimastos parvus Szederjesi et al., 2013a: 202. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Blakemore, 2013a: 39.

Bimastos parvus Mohan et al., 2013: 36. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus 中村, 2015: 1901 キタフクロナシツリミミズ. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Reynolds, 2015a: 119. [記述のみ]

Bimastos parvus Reynolds, 2015v: 118. [記述のみ] (Dec, 2015)

Bimastos parvus 上平, 2017b: 69. [記述のみ] (Mar, 2017)

Bimastos parvus 上平, 2018a: 32. [記述のみ] (Mar, 2018)

[要検討]

Allolobophora parva

Allolobophora beddardi

Allolobophora parva udei

Allolobophora constricta germinata

Allolobophora constricta geminata (part) Friend, 1897: 459.

Allolobophora parva Eisen, 1874: 46, Michaelsen, 1900c: 10, Blakemore, 2002: 264.

Allolobophora parva udei Ribaucourt, 1896: 80.

Allolobophora parvus Ribaucourt, 1896: 80.

Helodrilus (Bimastus) parvus Michaelsen, 1901: 213, 1902: 50, 1910: 64.

Bimastus parvus Michaelsen, 1931: 1, Gates, 1938: 222.

Bimastus beddardi Cernosvitov & Evans, 1947: 18, Pop, 1948: 123.

Bimastos beddardi beddardi Mercadal de Barrio & Barrio, 1988: 1.

Bimastos longicinctus F.Smith & Gittins, 1915: 548.

Bimastos parvus Gates, 1972a: 87, Reynolds, 1972: 1, 1974: 17, Righi, 1979: 141, 1984a: 119.

Bimastos parvus (part ?) Edwards & Lofty, 1972: 215, Plisko, 1973: 99, Reynolds, 1977: 61, Sims & Gerard, 1985: 48.

Bimastus parvus + B. beddardi Kobayashi, 1940: 297, 298.

? Bimastos pervious Pavlicek et al., 2003: 455.

Dendrobaena constricta (part) Friend, 1893a: 19.

Eisenia parvus Pop, 1948: 123, Zicsi, 1982: 436.

Eisenia parvus (part?) Zicsi, 1959: 170, Zajonc, 1970: 23, Bouche, 1972: 386.

Helodrilus parva Reynolds & Cook, 1976: 152.

Lumbricus parvus Vaillant, 1889: 142.

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